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Issues o compliance: Considerations for the international Regime on access and benefit sharing

… to multilateral environmental agreement secretariats.15 Alternative ways for gathering information and ensuring … is not legally binding.52 As a subsequent step or as an alternative, Parties may proceed to mediation when they need …
20 Jun 2026 Literature See it in ECOLEX · This content is provided by ECOLEX

Contracting for ABS: The legal and scientific implications of bioprospecting contracts

… sales. The SMTA allows Recipients (users) to choose an alternative payment option, under which they pay what the … rate may clarify the reasons that a user might choose this alternative option. For example, it might offer benefits to … legal document which all parties agree reflects the entire substance of their agreement, and when it is clear that the …
20 Jun 2026 Literature See it in ECOLEX · This content is provided by ECOLEX

A moving target : Genetic resources and options for tracking and monitoring their international flows

… the situation, for example, if the genetic resource is an alternative to the salicylates in aspirin. Does possible use … uncertainty and to devise strate- gies for dealing with alternative scenarios. Such alter- native scenarios may … sition (e.g., whether it is made of gold or some other substance and how “pure” the gold is).45 One might take the …
20 Jun 2026 Literature See it in ECOLEX · This content is provided by ECOLEX

Intellectual property rights in plant varieties: International legal regimes and policy options for national governments

… 81 3.5.1. Alternative plant variety protection laws … discovery of a natural phenomenon or naturally occurring substance. Thus, for example, a breeder who merely identified … subjects are addressed in greater detail below. 3.4.1.2. Alternative approaches to sui generis protection of plant …
20 Jun 2026 Literature See it in ECOLEX · This content is provided by ECOLEX

Explanatory guide to the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture

… The Legal Basis of Intergenerational Responsibility: An Alternative View-The Sense of Generational Identity, 3 Y.B. … ar- rangements. In the Convention, however, the substance of the second paragraph is dealt with in a separate … Research and dissemination of knowledge and information on alternative national and international strategies and …
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Beyond access : Exploring implementation of the fair and equitable sharing commitment in the CBD

… negotiation of benefit share 81 5.3.2 Valuation using the “alternative value” method 82 5.4 The fairness requirements – … in August, 2006. In terms of the legal and political substance of this book, we obtained information, advice and … institutions. 142 US NPS, 2006, Draft EIS, presented as Alternative B. In this regulation, there is no need to …
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Covering ABS: Addressing the need for sectoral, geographical,legal and international integration in the ABS regime - papers and studies of the ABS Project

… of the genetic resource by comparison to a non-genetic substance that is currently in use – an approach that ig- … have led to increased recognition of the importance of alternative and diversi- fied livelihood strategies such as … of International Law 80: 1–23. 182 Cf. e.g., Resolution on Alternative Approaches and Ways and Means within the UN …
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The legal framework for the management of animal genetic resources

… of trade liberalization further. However, there are alternative interpretations of the existing Agreement. The … stud-books for registered equidae is to meet. In substance, a "Studbook on the origin of a breed" can set up … things, suitable breeds for various agro-ecological zones; alternative breeding programmes; management systems for the …
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IUCN Information Papers on Marine Genetic Resources

… innovation in a non-proprietary fashion. As such, it is alternative to “straightforward publication” strategies that … of resources. Common pools have been characterized as an alternative resource management approach to privatization and …
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An Explanatory Guide to the Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit-sharing

… utilization) Extracts (raw material) of the plant are substance of the content in the product (natural medicine, … of TRIPS establishing such patent requirements or alternative approaches could be more effective in ensuring … Rukundo, 2010). Indeed, the term utilization or its alternative forms (e.g., utilized, use, or used) inform the …
20 Jun 2026 Literature See it in ECOLEX · This content is provided by ECOLEX