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… access to forest resources Experiences in informal tenure reform from IUCN’s Livelihoods and Landscapes Strategy … imply a form of tenure that benefits from recognition in law or government regulation, without necessarily involving … without citizenship. In other words, waiting for the law to change to allow for formal tenure would not have …

… 2004, and the 2006 International Conference on Agrarian Reform and Rural Development (ICARRD). At its Thirty-sixth … with States’ existing obligations under international law, including the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and … with existing obligations under national and international law, and with due regard to voluntary commitments under …

… Jens Mackensen and Gerald Scholz IUCN Environmental Law Programme IUCN – The World Conservation Union Founded in … at local, regional and global levels. IUCN Environmental Law Programme Environmental Law Centre Godesberger Allee … often intertwined with socio-economic challenges, legal reform may not be necessary or advisable, at least not …

… . . . . . . . . . 9 Part one. Legislation 1. International law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . … . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 2. Domestic law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . … in the wildlife and forestry sectors. Consequently, the reform of legal and regulatory systems becomes a prerequisite …

… Regime Edited by Richard G. Tarasofsky IUCN Environmental Law Centre IUCN Environmental Policy and Law Paper No. 37 IUCN The World Conservation Union Assessing … options and dilemmas facing those examining the possible reform of the existing regime. It will then review the main …

… ++49 228 2692 250 elcsecretariat@iucn.org www.iucn.org/law UICN, Droit et politique de l’environnement, n° 69 … Une telle tentative dans ce sens 109 UNEP Environmental Law Training Manual; UNEP’s New Way Forward, Environmental Law and Sustainable Development. 110 BAD, ECA, UN, UNDP, …

… large-scale infrastructure projects, and macro-economic reform have all too often jeopardised poor peoples’ … development projects and government responsibilities for law enforcement have been neglected. Few park agencies have … versions as de facto rights. They can arise from customary law derived from the norms and practices of long established …

… IUCN Environmental Law Programme Towards a mutually supportive relationship … UnionThe World Conservation Union IUCN Environmental Law Programme Godesberger Allee 108-112 53175 Bonn Germany … 12 of Annex 2). Article 20 requires negotiation on the reform of the Agreement, mainly towards liberalisation (i.e. …

… Volume 2 Legislation E n v i r o n m e n t a l Law in Pa k i s t a n Governing Natural Resources and the … 01 I n t r o d u c t i o n to the series 7 Environmental Law in Pakistan N . W. F. P 0 1 Introduction to the series … favouring conservation and sustainable use until legal reform affirmatively provides for such matters. When Pakistan …

… to local economic development. The 1994 Forestry law states that the RFA is to be redistributed for the … (Oyono et al., 2008). Furthermore, the July 1998 Finance law aimed at establishing a fair distribution of the RFA (Topa et al., 2009). Previously, the law mandated that 50 % of the RFA collected should be paid to …