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Evaluating effectiveness : A framework for assessing management effectiveness of protected areas
… managing and monitoring impacts arising from rainforest access and visitation; conservation principles and … Protected areas now cover over 10 per cent of the world’s land surface and are increasing rapidly in marine areas as … managed. Unfortunately, the commitment to setting aside land and water has yet to be always matched with similar …
The status of natural resources on the high-seas
… Zones of coastal states. These high-seas areas are open-access common resources, and as such may be particularly … unproductive areas of the tropical ocean, distant from land, and greatest abundances are found in the coastal … separated. Deep-sea trenches are also often close to land where the wastes are created, such as mining tailings. …
The valuation of ecosystem services: Are the challenges too many to ensure the maintenance of ecosystem integrity?
… views or proximity to recreational sites, can increase land and house values if they are viewed as attractive or … Discounting reflects the opportunity costs of not having access to money or any other benefits immediately. It …