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Evaluating effectiveness : A framework for assessing management effectiveness of protected areas
… The integrity of a reserve, or its insulation from adverse outside influences, depends not only on size and … management. Rather than seeking to prove ‘cause and ‘effect’ relationships, the analysis focuses on the … for conservation even though they might be subject to adverse weather events, fragmentation, pressures from …
The status of natural resources on the high-seas
… • To protect breeding populations • To reduce the adverse impacts of human activities To-date, the overwhelming … specimens at high, unsustainable levels could have an effect upon both the target species and the ecosystem as a … than oil, coal or oil shale, all of which have a greater adverse environmental impact during production and …
The valuation of ecosystem services: Are the challenges too many to ensure the maintenance of ecosystem integrity?
… by estimating what people are willing to pay to avoid the adverse effects that would occur if these services were lost, … activities that are likely to have a significantly adverse impact on the environment and are subject to a …