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… of the total value of forest products harvested, after tax, if they receive financial support from the State for … price- and market-based instruments that may be applied to tax, charge for, or set fees for ecosystem goods and … for ecosystem services are considered to be based on a tax, fee, or a charge, or whether they are considered to be …

… as ‘green’ funds, taxes, fees, lev- ies, tariffs or even tax exemptions, in order to ensure a continuous flow of … with a negative impact on ecosystem services from tax payments or providing outright subsidies for destructive … charges can provide sustainable sources of funding. A new tax, charge or fee might be introduced, or an already …

… authority Year Grassland Notice on the Agricultural Tax Policy of Conversion of Farmland to Forestland and … degradation control 65 or preferential measures regarding tax, land contracting, and market access for business, all of … participate in LD control activities, including levies and tax instruments for ecological environment conservation.126 …

… on private land, for example, incentives such as tax concessions, grants, technical support and materials, … include financial ones, for example, direct payments or tax deductions when agreed conditions are met. Sometimes … • positive incentives (technical assistance, subsidies, tax credits, reduced tax liability). • egative incentives …

… the Costa Rican government has used revenues from a fuel tax to fund a programme of payments for environmental … paid) Net loss (but less than financial loss due to tax savings and omission of stranded costs) Net gain (if no … stranded costs will be sunk costs in econo- mic terms and tax benefits and subsidies to producers will be transfers not …

… establish incentive and binding technical, political and tax frameworks of measures in order to get businesses to …

… are all needed. The emergence of sugar taxes, a soda tax in Mexico,322 and similar initiatives show that many … and Cattan, N. 2013. Mexico tackles obesity epidemic with tax on junk food. Bloomberg. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/ … articles/2013-10-29/mexico-tackles-obesity-epidemic-with-tax-on-junk- food accessed January 10, 2017. 323 Cassidy, …

… wetlands, their willingness to pay a minimum or maximum tax increase, and collected information about socio-economic …