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… face of the increased demand for land-intensive crops and livestock. Land degradation contributes to climate change and … to climate change and other natural resource pressures. 3. Farming for multiple benefits: optimizing the most desirable … trees in a community- managed forest provide fodder for livestock; fruits and vegetables are collected by women; …

… change into account; c) Adaptation of high-mountain farming systems decreases the pressure on natural ecosystems … Water (access and distribution); agricultural and livestock products; wild food; medicinal products; fuel and … Land use in the study area is dominated by crop and livestock systems. At the same time, the main adaptation …

… systems (such as crop production, nomadic and sedentary livestock raising, and provision of infrastructure). The … of country autonomous organizations and NGOs, the role of farming organs (farmers’ associations, economic-aid units) … land capacity conservation, forest management and good livestock husbandry. Thus, LD had become severe and …

… particular WSD include the following: Improved crop and livestock sales; avoided travel cost for migratory work and … 1998 and 2012, the net annual income from agriculture and livestock increased significantly. The total income earned … • Watershed protection measures, including contour farming, planting trees on hillsides, planting fruit trees …

… and mitigate surface runoff from agricultural and livestock fields. Benefits Primary Constructed wetlands are … cent in Baidang Lake. Development of certified eco-fish farming by 412 households increased income of fishers by 20 … high value cash crops and fruit trees, to water the livestock, and for domestic use. They are often established …

… captured in dams is now available to people, wildlife and livestock 4-6 months into the dry season, reducing the need … by enhancing water availability for both wildlife and livestock. 3. restoration of degraded habitats Natural … alternative livelihoods such as goat and snake farming. 3. land use plan for conservation and livelihoods …

… as well as livelihood opportunities (such as fisheries and farming) that reduce social vulnerabilities (Sudmeier- Rieux … economic activities in the area, for example, agriculture, livestock and fisheries that can be easily influenced by … source (grasses for making brooms and fodder for livestock). A cost-benefit analysis was conducted in order to …

… in response to altered water regimes and persistent heavy livestock grazing (Earl, 2003). Finally, overgrazing by feral goats, rabbits and domestic livestock has altered the composition and structure of the … Annual & Perennial Non-Timber Crops: 2.1.3 Agro-industry Farming; 2.3 Livestock Farming & Ranching: 2.3.3 …

… these are mostly having negative impacts on agriculture, livestock, vegetable gardening, grassland, water bodies, tree … the sectors of fishing, aquaculture, forestry, livestock and farming (Government of Chile, 2015). These vulnerabilities …

… such as this winter flooding of rice paddies, no-till farming and reduced pesticide use are marketed to consumers … (Haddad, 2014). The contribution of natural rangelands to livestock feeding in Jordan has decreased from 85% in the … rangeland management and cultivation practices, and livestock grazing (Haddad, 2014; IUCN, 2012d). Capacity …