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… Customs and Constitutions: State recognition of customary law around the world Katrina … land tenure, this would offer a more diverse and flexible range of tenure options as a basis for solving many resource … to institutional arrangements and customary law.41 These range from a broad recognition of customary authorities or …

… environmental law and policy. The term encompasses a broad range of practices and procedures, both written and … other resources. These practices and procedures cover a range of matters, including how ILCs expect external actors … in the Nagoya Protocol to the CBD. Under Article 12.3(a), State Parties are encouraged to “endeavour to support” the …

… alia, administration of tenure, land reform, management of state land, resolving land disputes, attracting sustainable … of customary land rights xi 1. Flexibly allow for the full range of customs within a nation to be expressed and … South Africa and others have followed, adopting a wide range of mechanisms and strategies to varying degrees of …

… life. This book illustrates the application of BCPs to a range of environmental legal frameworks. Part I focuses on … clear. 4 Users of GR will be expected to fulfill a range of obligations in order to gain access to GR and … bio-cultural self that Article 8(j) seeks to affirm. The State as the legal subject under Article 15 is typical of the …

… was proclaimed in 1975. For the first four decades of the state’s existence, the country’s ethnic populations were … identified different kinds of customary protection and a range of largely self- enforced penalties under customary … much dependent on the seriousness of the crime, and may range from a chicken, to a pig, cow or buffalo. After the …

… The  focus of the present study  is on the range of non‐judicial GRMs, which deal with  land  disputes  … powers.  These  Councils  have  been  assigned  a  range  of  general  and  specific  duties which  …   General duty personnel reported that they handle a range of land‐related disputes including  trespass,  …

… concern has grown steadily over the years. Some inter-state efforts to address problems relating to the oceans, … agreement” in its generic sense embraces the widest range of international instruments. In the practice of … less formal than a “treaty” and deals with a narrower range of subject matter. There is a general tendency to apply …

… law, thus adding greater legitimacy and efficacy to the State’s efforts towards conservation of natural resources in … of grain, equivalent to approximately 1kg Shamilat – range lands Sharba – member of a village council in Rondu; … in irrigated areas; n lower area pastures called shamilat (range lands). In general, communities, not individuals, own …

…  and human rights treaties which are binding for respective State Parties;   ii. … sector, whereas existing  reviews can  range  from a  … assist  both  state  and  non‐state  actors  to  take  stock  of  the  … laws and regulations in  the  range of  areas  related  to  agriculture  and  food  …

… variety of sources, including treaties and other forms of state practice, and the work of international organizations. … In that decision, the ICJ referred to what it called a state’s “basic right to an equitable and reasonable sharing … list of factors to be taken into account by a state to ensure that its utilization of an international …