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… 28 Chapter 3 Land degradation and desertification in Western PRC … 31 3.2 Definition of land degradation and desertification … 32 EPLP 80 Intro.indd 5 13.01.2012 12:50:02 vi vii 3.2.1 Land degradation …

… and development, or between poverty and environmental degradation. These are S u m m a r y xv often contradictory. … decision-making and participation by local communities in land-use decisions. Participatory decision-making involves the willingness of outsiders to negotiate land-use objectives and ways to meet those objectives. The …

… and top-down strategies 47 3.2.4 The role of NGOs 49 3.2.5 Land tenure factors 50 3.2.6 Choosing instruments 51 Key … protection of environmental flows 103 Key messages 104 3.2 Land Use Planning Legislation 105 Introduction 105 3.2.1 … REDD+ Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation RIKS Research Institute for Knowledge Systems SA …

… . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Senegal: Addressing resource degradation to enhance climate change resilience . . . . . . … and through relying on protected areas as a holistic land-management tool. By drawing on these experiences and the … and environmental education programmes. 5. participatory land planning To identify the priority intervention areas for …

… 50 5.3 Criterion C. Environmental degradation … Environment Institute) Habitat type. 'Spatially definable land or aquatic areas with characteristic environmental … types for national assessment; satellite- derived land types for subnational assessments. Rodríguez et al. …

… major threats to global biodiversity: 1. Habitat loss and degradation: this is the largest single source of pressure on … water use and drainage for conversion to other land uses, such as agriculture and settlements. In coastal … combined land and ocean surface temperature data as calculated by a …

… West Asia occupy only 1.34 per cent of West Asia’s total land area (Global Environment Outlook – GEO-4, 2007)5 but … has suffered a substantial loss of biodiversity and a degradation of habitats as a result of human activities. The … dominated by limited water resources, a scarcity of arable land, fragile ecosystems and episodic droughts. The …

… CBD in 2000, states that the objectives of management of land, water and living resources are a matter of societal … and sub- national policymakers, decision-makers and land-use planners. Principle 9 contains specific advice for … Subsidies and credits that favour deforestation or forest degradation should be identified and progressively …

… to multiple pressures, including increasing pollution, degradation of watersheds and the depletion and unsustainable … trend in all the five main pressures on biodiversity (land degradation, climate change, pollution from nutrients, … the greatest risks to biodiversity stem from the change of land use, with the consequent reduction, fragmentation and …

… REDD reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation SATIIM Sarstoon Temash Institute for Indigenous … as resulting not only from drought but from land degradation linked to loss of natural vegetation … riches. According to the views of many indigenous peoples, land should not be torn open and exploited, which they …