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… in coastal communities, and potentially even loss of food security and malnutrition due to lack of protein. ❏ Loss … as sea urchins and some fish species, that keep them in control have declined through disease and overfishing. Algae … categories of ecosystem services: ❏ provisioning – e.g. food, medicines, construction materials ❏ regulating – e.g. …

… coastal management FOREWORD More than a decade ago the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) … treaties, declarations and other promises of action, the quality of coastal environments continues to deteriorate in … 38 ILM (1999), 259. Not in force. 1998 Protocol on the Control of Marine Transboundary Movements And Disposal of …

… Development EGA Environment General Authority of Libya FAO Food and Agriculture Organisation GECOL General Electricity … the need for increasing the number and enhancing the quality of Mediterranean MPAs, both in national waters and on … definition of fishing gear, areas and seasons, plus control of landings and marketing. Aquaculture activity …

… of shoreline erosion, regulation of coastal water quality, habitat for numerous fish species and other … to the sustainable development opportunities of SIDS, food security, livelihoods, and vulnerability to impacts of … relevant policies, e.g. agricultural policies, flood control Governments Local authorities NGOs Mangroves …

… ts. These include approaches which relate changes in the quality of quantity of eco- system goods and services to … coastal fi sheries, and most of the remainder by erosion control and buffer against storm damage. In Sri Lanka, the … in Asia and the Pacifi c. FAO Environment Paper No 3, Food and Agricultural Organisation, Rome Emerton L (1997) …