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… Union in Asia Counting coastal ecosystems as an economic part of development infrastructure Lucy Emerton Counting coastal ecosystems as an economic part of development infrastructure Lucy Emerton This … higher than those of inland areas (Millennium Ecosystem Assessment 2005). Of an estimated population of just over 2 …

… MONITORING CENTRE (UNEP-WCMC) is the biodiversity assessment and policy implementation arm of the United … ecosystems in terms of their benefits to humankind: ❏ Economic valuation of ecosystems needs to be treated with … provide their full ecological services have a social and economic ‘cost’ that can be felt locally and many miles away. …

… is now a far greater appreciation of the environmental, economic, social, cultural and recreational importance of … of Coastal and Marine Areas, including Exclusive Economic Zones″. In 1992 FAO published "Integrated Management … on 2 January 1993. 1991 Convention on Environmental Impact Assessment in a Transboundary Context (Espoo), 30 ILM (1971), …

… and community leaders—in designing and implementing economic models that restore the balance between nature’s … 3 Climate Focus. 2011. Blue Carbon Policy Options Assessment. Washington, DC, USA. Murray, B.C. et al. 2011. Green Payments for Blue Carbon. Economic Incentives for Protecting Threatened Coastal …

… 1. The socio-economic context of the marine and coastal environment in … planners. INTRODUCTION ThE medRAs PROjECT 11 1. The socio-economic context of the marine and coastal environment in … and executive regulations that the Envi- ronment Impact Assessment process must be followed prior to developing any …

… rapidly than global trends; FURTHER RECOGNIZING that many economic activities and critical infrastructure are … depend, thereby potentially increasing social and economic vulnerability; CONSIDERING that, in some cases, … and social consideration when undertaking vulnerability assessment and adaptation planning, taking into account the …